National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
- Adverse Events (1)
- Antibiotics (1)
- Antimicrobial Stewardship (1)
- Behavioral Health (1)
- Burnout (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (1)
- Diabetes (1)
- (-) Elderly (8)
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- Health Information Technology (HIT) (1)
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- Medication (5)
- Medication: Safety (2)
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- Practice Patterns (1)
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- (-) Provider (8)
- Provider: Clinician (1)
- Provider: Nurse (3)
- Provider: Pharmacist (2)
- Provider: Physician (2)
- Provider Performance (1)
- Quality of Care (2)
- Shared Decision Making (2)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedGurwitz JH, Kapoor A, Garber L
Effect of a multifaceted clinical pharmacist intervention on medication safety after hospitalization in persons prescribed high-risk medications: a randomized clinical trial.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether a multifaceted clinical pharmacist intervention improves medication safety for patients who are discharged from the hospital and prescribed medications within 1 or more of these high-risk drug classes: anticoagulants, diabetes agents, and opioids. The randomized clinical trial was conducted at a large multidisciplinary group practice in Massachusetts and included patients 50 years or older. Findings showed that there was not an observed lower rate of adverse drug-related incidents or clinically important medication errors during the posthospitalization period that was associated with a clinical pharmacist intervention.
AHRQ-funded; HS023774.
Citation: Gurwitz JH, Kapoor A, Garber L .
Effect of a multifaceted clinical pharmacist intervention on medication safety after hospitalization in persons prescribed high-risk medications: a randomized clinical trial.
JAMA Intern Med 2021 May;181(5):610-18. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.9285..
Keywords: Elderly, Medication: Safety, Medication, Patient Safety, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Provider: Pharmacist, Provider
White EM, Aiken LH, Sloane DM
Nursing home work environment, care quality, registered nurse burnout and job dissatisfaction.
The objective of this cross-sectional study was to examine the relationships between work environment, care quality, registered nurse (RN) burnout, and job dissatisfaction in nursing homes. In this study, the investigators linked 2015 RN4CAST-US nurse survey data with LTCfocus and Nursing Home Compare. They indicate that their results suggest that the work environment is an important area to target for interventions to improve care quality and nurse retention in nursing homes.
AHRQ-funded; HS000011.
Citation: White EM, Aiken LH, Sloane DM .
Nursing home work environment, care quality, registered nurse burnout and job dissatisfaction.
Geriatr Nurs 2020 Mar-Apr;41(2):158-64. doi: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2019.08.007..
Keywords: Elderly, Nursing Homes, Burnout, Provider: Nurse, Provider, Quality of Care, Provider Performance
Goyal P, Anderson TS, Bernacki GM
Physician perspectives on deprescribing cardiovascular medications for older adults.
Investigators sought to characterize and compare clinician perspectives regarding deprescribing cardiovascular medications for older adults across three specialties. Within each specialty, 750 physicians were surveyed. The investigators found that, while barriers to deprescribing cardiovascular medications were shared across specialties, reasons for deprescribing, especially in the setting of limited life expectancy, varied. They concluded that implementing deprescribing will require improved processes for both physician-physician and physician-patient communication.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Goyal P, Anderson TS, Bernacki GM .
Physician perspectives on deprescribing cardiovascular medications for older adults.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2020 Jan;68(1):78-86. doi: 10.1111/jgs.16157..
Keywords: Elderly, Medication, Cardiovascular Conditions, Shared Decision Making, Provider: Physician, Provider
Ailabouni NJ, Marcum ZA, Schmader KE
Medication use quality and safety in older adults: 2018 update.
This study identified four key articles from 2018 that address medication use quality and safety for older adults. The first study highlighted a cluster-randomized trial that utilized a pharmacist-led education-based intervention delivered to both patients and doctors to deprescribe four types of inappropriate medications. The second study from the UK examined the association between anticholinergic exposure, overall and by medication class, and dementia risk in 40,770 older adults. The third study was a Swedish longitudinal cohort study examining the association between antihypertensive medications and incident dementia. The fourth and last study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial and examined the effect of daily low-dose aspirin for primary prevention of cardiac events and hemorrhage in 19,144 community-dwelling older adults.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Ailabouni NJ, Marcum ZA, Schmader KE .
Medication use quality and safety in older adults: 2018 update.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2019 Dec;67(12):2458-62. doi: 10.1111/jgs.16243..
Keywords: Elderly, Medication, Medication: Safety, Patient Safety, Quality of Care, Provider: Pharmacist, Provider
Kang Y, Taylor JO, Osterhage K
Home care nurses' perspectives regarding health information management among older adults.
The purpose of this qualitative study was to determine how home healthcare nurses (HCNs) obtain and provide health information, to describe the perspective of HCNs regarding older adult personal health information (PHI), and to identify the potential role of technology in older adult health information transfer. Researchers conducted and analyzed phone interviews with 17 HCNs from two home healthcare agencies. Results showed these five themes: 1) common practices of obtaining health information; 2) barriers to obtaining health information; 3) ideal ways to obtain and provide health information; 4) use of patient portals; and 5) HCNs' use of technology for health information exchange. Most HCNs reported that it would be difficult for older adult patients to update their PHI without assistance, but HCNs lack the time and resources to assist older adults in PHI management activities.
AHRQ-funded; HS022106.
Citation: Kang Y, Taylor JO, Osterhage K .
Home care nurses' perspectives regarding health information management among older adults.
Home Healthc Now 2019 Nov/Dec;37(6):319-27. doi: 10.1097/nhh.0000000000000796..
Keywords: Home Healthcare, Elderly, Health Information Technology (HIT), Provider: Nurse, Provider
McCreedy EM, Kane RL, Gollust SE
Patient-centered guidelines for geriatric diabetes care: potential missed opportunities to avoid harm.
Clinicians strive to deliver individualized, patient-centered care. However, these intentions are understudied. This research explored how patient characteristics associated with a high risk-to-benefit ratio with hypoglycemia medications affected decision making by primary care clinicians. The investigators found that primary care clinicians often chose to intensify glycemic control despite individual patient factors that warranted higher glycemic targets based on existing guidelines.
AHRQ-funded; HS000011.
Citation: McCreedy EM, Kane RL, Gollust SE .
Patient-centered guidelines for geriatric diabetes care: potential missed opportunities to avoid harm.
J Am Board Fam Med 2018 Mar-Apr;31(2):192-200. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2018.02.170141..
Keywords: Diabetes, Elderly, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice, Shared Decision Making, Medication, Primary Care, Practice Patterns, Provider: Physician, Provider: Clinician, Provider
Scales K, Zimmerman S, Reed D
Nurse and medical provider perspectives on antibiotic stewardship in nursing homes.
The objective of this cross sectional survey was to examine perspectives on antibiotic use and antibiotic stewardship of nurses and medical providers in nursing homes ( NHs). The investigators concluded that nursing staff and medical providers share a commitment to reducing unnecessary antibiotic use. Antibiotic stewardship interventions should foster cooperation and build competency to implement alternative management approaches and to educate residents and families. Nurse leaders and medical providers with long-term care training may be especially effective champions for antibiotic stewardship.
AHRQ-funded; HS22846.
Citation: Scales K, Zimmerman S, Reed D .
Nurse and medical provider perspectives on antibiotic stewardship in nursing homes.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2017 Jan;65(1):165-71. doi: 10.1111/jgs.14504..
Keywords: Elderly, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Antibiotics, Medication, Nursing Homes, Long-Term Care, Provider: Nurse, Provider
Gleason HP, Coyle CE
Mental and behavioral health conditions among older adults: implications for the home care workforce.
The purpose of this study was to identify challenges aides face in providing care to this particular group of clients, as well as the strategies and support they utilize to complete their job responsibilities. In focus group discussions, aides described a lack of prior-knowledge of challenging client behaviors, leaving them unprepared to deal with disruptions to care delivery.
AHRQ-funded; HS017589.
Citation: Gleason HP, Coyle CE .
Mental and behavioral health conditions among older adults: implications for the home care workforce.
Aging Ment Health 2016 Aug;20(8):848-55. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2015.1040725.
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Keywords: Elderly, Home Healthcare, Behavioral Health, Provider