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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Behavioral Health (1)
- (-) Brain Injury (11)
- Care Management (1)
- Children/Adolescents (5)
- Critical Care (3)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (1)
- Healthcare Costs (1)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (1)
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- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (1)
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- (-) Neurological Disorders (11)
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- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (4)
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- Sleep Problems (2)
- Trauma (4)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 11 of 11 Research Studies DisplayedBradbury KR, Williams C, Leonard S
Emotional aspects of pediatric post-intensive care syndrome following traumatic brain injury.
This study assessed parent-reported emotional functioning in children with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and identified risk factors for emotional sequelae in the acute recovery phase. Results from logistic regression indicated that only elevated parent PTSD symptoms were a significant predictor for child anxiety and depressive symptoms. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were prevalent in the acute recovery phase of TBI. Consistent with previous research, elevations in anxiety and depressive symptoms were more related to psychosocial factors than to injury severity.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Bradbury KR, Williams C, Leonard S .
Emotional aspects of pediatric post-intensive care syndrome following traumatic brain injury.
J Child Adolesc Trauma 2021 Jun;14(2):177-87. doi: 10.1007/s40653-020-00332-y..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Brain Injury, Trauma, Neurological Disorders
Luther M, Poppert Cordts KM, Williams CN
Sleep disturbances after pediatric traumatic brain injury: a systematic review of prevalence, risk factors, and association with recovery.
This is a systematic review to quantify sleep wake disturbances (SWD) after pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). These SWD can place children at risk for worse outcomes since sleep is needed for brain development and healing after injury. They also evaluated interventions for SWD and the association between SWD and other post-traumatic outcomes. Literature was searched from 1999-2019 evaluating sleep or fatigue in children hospitalized for TBI. Two independent reviewers assessed quality of the studies using the Newcastle-Ottowa Score for observational studies. Out of 966 identified articles, 126 full text articles were reviewed and 24 studies were included. Studies showed at least 20% of children with TBI had some degree of SWD including trouble falling or staying asleep, fatigue, daytime fatigue, and nightmares. SWD was negatively correlated with cognitive, behavioral, and quality of life outcomes. There was moderate-high risk of bias for all studies due to small sample size and lack of validated or objective SWD measures.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Luther M, Poppert Cordts KM, Williams CN .
Sleep disturbances after pediatric traumatic brain injury: a systematic review of prevalence, risk factors, and association with recovery.
Sleep 2020 Oct;43(10):zsaa083. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa083..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Sleep Problems, Brain Injury, Neurological Disorders, Trauma, Risk, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Quality of Life, Evidence-Based Practice
Williams CN, Hartman ME, McEvoy CT
Sleep-wake disturbances after acquired brain injury in children surviving critical care.
Sleep-wake disturbances are underevaluated among children with acquired brain injury surviving critical care. In this prospective cohort study, the investigators aimed to quantify severity, phenotypes, and risk factors for sleep-wake disturbances. The investigators concluded that over half of children surviving critical care with acquired brain injury have sleep-wake disturbances. They indicated that many sleep-wake disturbances phenotypes were identified, but most children had disturbance in initiation and maintenance of sleep.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Williams CN, Hartman ME, McEvoy CT .
Sleep-wake disturbances after acquired brain injury in children surviving critical care.
Pediatr Neurol 2020 Feb;103:43-51. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2019.08.010..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Brain Injury, Critical Care, Sleep Problems, Trauma, Injuries and Wounds, Neurological Disorders
Simon KC, Reams N, Beltran E
Optimizing the electronic medical record to improve patient care and conduct quality improvement initiatives in a concussion specialty clinic.
The purpose of this study was to use the electronic medical record (EMR) to optimize patient care, facilitate documentation, and support quality improvement and practice-based research in a concussion (mild traumatic brain injury; mTBI) clinic. The investigators built a customized structured clinical documentation support (SCDS) toolkit for patients in a concussion specialty clinic. The toolkit collected hundreds of fields of discrete,
AHRQ-funded; HS024057.
Citation: Simon KC, Reams N, Beltran E .
Optimizing the electronic medical record to improve patient care and conduct quality improvement initiatives in a concussion specialty clinic.
Brain Inj 2020;34(1):62-67. doi: 10.1080/02699052.2019.1680867..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Brain Injury, Neurological Disorders
Piantino JA, Lin A, Crowder D
Early heart rate variability and electroencephalographic abnormalities in acutely brain-injured children who progress to brain death.
This study retrospective case-control study explored the hypothesis that lower heart rate variability in brain-injured children is an early indicator of autonomic system failure and predicts progression to brain death. The association between heart rate variability and markers of brain dysfunction between brain-injured children who progressed to brain death and those who survived is also examined. Heart rate variability in patients was estimated using 5-minute electrocardiogram segments. Patients who progressed to brain death exhibited significantly lower heart rate variability in the time and frequency domains. Heart rate variability was significantly lower in those patients with discontinuous or attenuated/featureless electroencephalogram than those with slow/disorganized background. The researchers conclude that these findings support the concept of autonomic system failure as an early indicator of impending brain death, and that decreased heart rate variability is associated with markers of central nervous system dysfunction, such as electroencephalogram abnormalities.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Piantino JA, Lin A, Crowder D .
Early heart rate variability and electroencephalographic abnormalities in acutely brain-injured children who progress to brain death.
Pediatr Crit Care Med 2019 Jan;20(1):38-46. doi: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000001759..
Keywords: Brain Injury, Children/Adolescents, Neurological Disorders, Outcomes
Mahmoud L, Zullo AR, Thompson BB
Outcomes of protocolised analgesia and sedation in a neurocritical care unit.
Researchers conducted a retrospective cohort study of 1197 mechanically ventilated patients admitted to a 12-bed neurocritical care unit (NCCU) over four years in order to evaluate the effect of an analgesia-based sedation protocol on medication use and costs in the NCCU. The protocol resulted in increased in fentanyl use and decreased in propofol use, but their findings indicate no effect on healthcare utilization, healthcare costs, or in-hospital mortality. Based on these results, the researchers suggest that similar NCCUs should consider using population-specific protocols to manage analgesia and sedation.
AHRQ-funded; HS022998.
Citation: Mahmoud L, Zullo AR, Thompson BB .
Outcomes of protocolised analgesia and sedation in a neurocritical care unit.
Brain Inj 2018;32(7):941-47. doi: 10.1080/02699052.2018.1469167..
Keywords: Care Management, Brain Injury, Critical Care, Healthcare Costs, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Medication, Neurological Disorders, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Bush RA, Beaumont JL, Liotta EM
Fever burden and health-related quality of life after intracerebral hemorrhage.
In this prospective observational cohort study, the investigators tested the hypothesis that increased burden of fever is independently associated with decreased health-related quality of life (HRQoL) at follow-up. The authors found that each additional day with a fever was predictive of worse HRQoL domains of Cognitive Function and Mobility after intracerebral hemorrhage up to 1 year. They suggest that HRQoL outcomes may be a sensitive and powerful way to measure the efficacy of fever control in future research.
AHRQ-funded; HS023437.
Citation: Bush RA, Beaumont JL, Liotta EM .
Fever burden and health-related quality of life after intracerebral hemorrhage.
Neurocrit Care 2018 Mar 29;29(2):189-94. doi: 10.1007/s12028-018-0523-y..
Keywords: Brain Injury, Neurological Disorders, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Quality of Life
Callahan ML, Binder LM, O'Neil ME
Sensory sensitivity in operation enduring freedom/operation Iraqi freedom veterans with and without blast exposure and mild traumatic brain injury.
To examine factors associated with noise and light sensitivity among returning Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) Veterans with a self-reported history of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) due to blast exposure, the researchers compared the self-report of noise and light sensitivity of 42 OEF/OIF Veterans diagnosed with mTBI resulting from combat blast-exposure to that of 36 blast-exposed OEF/OIF Veterans without a history of mTBI.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Callahan ML, Binder LM, O'Neil ME .
Sensory sensitivity in operation enduring freedom/operation Iraqi freedom veterans with and without blast exposure and mild traumatic brain injury.
Appl Neuropsychol Adult 2018 Mar-Apr;25(2):126-36. doi: 10.1080/23279095.2016.1261867..
Keywords: Brain Injury, Neurological Disorders
Williams CN, Kirby A, Piantino J
If you build it, they will come: Initial experience with a multi-disciplinary pediatric neurocritical care follow-up clinic.
To address morbidities in Pediatric Neurocritical Care survivors, collaboration between Pediatric Neurology and Pediatric Critical Care created a multidisciplinary follow-up clinic providing specialized evaluations after discharge. Clinic referrals applied to all Pediatric Neurocritical Care patients regardless of admission severity of illness. Here, the authors report an initial case series, which revealed a population that is heterogenous in age, ranging from 1 month to 18 years, and in diagnoses.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Williams CN, Kirby A, Piantino J .
If you build it, they will come: Initial experience with a multi-disciplinary pediatric neurocritical care follow-up clinic.
Children 2017 Sep 19;4(9). doi: 10.3390/children4090083.
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Keywords: Brain Injury, Critical Care, Neurological Disorders, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Children/Adolescents
Storzbach D, Twamley EW, Roost MS
Compensatory cognitive training for Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation New Dawn veterans with mild traumatic brain injury.
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of group-based compensatory cognitive training (CCT) for veterans with a history of mild traumatic brain injury. Veterans who participated in CCT reported significantly fewer cognitive and memory difficulties and greater use of cognitive strategies. They also demonstrated significant improvements on neurocognitive tests of attention, learning, and executive functioning, which were 3 of the cognitive domains targeted in CCT.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Storzbach D, Twamley EW, Roost MS .
Compensatory cognitive training for Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation New Dawn veterans with mild traumatic brain injury.
J Head Trauma Rehabil 2017 Jan/Feb;32(1):16-24. doi: 10.1097/htr.0000000000000228.
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Keywords: Brain Injury, Neurological Disorders, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Trauma
Storzbach D, O'Neil ME, Roost SM
Comparing the neuropsychological test performance of Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) veterans with and without blast exposure, mild traumatic brain injury, and posttraumatic stress symptoms.
The purpose of this paper was to compare neuropsychological test performance of veterans with and without mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI), blast exposure, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. The authors found that, although some mild neurocognitive effects were associated with blast exposure, these neurocognitive effects might be better explained by PTSD symptom severity rather than blast exposure or MTBI history alone.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981; HS019456.
Citation: Storzbach D, O'Neil ME, Roost SM .
Comparing the neuropsychological test performance of Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) veterans with and without blast exposure, mild traumatic brain injury, and posttraumatic stress symptoms.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2015 May;21(5):353-63. doi: 10.1017/s1355617715000326.
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Keywords: Brain Injury, Behavioral Health, Neurological Disorders