National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Access to Care (1)
- Adverse Events (1)
- Antibiotics (1)
- Care Coordination (1)
- Caregiving (1)
- (-) Children/Adolescents (10)
- Education: Patient and Caregiver (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (2)
- Healthcare Delivery (1)
- Health Promotion (2)
- Health Services Research (HSR) (1)
- Labor and Delivery (1)
- (-) Maternal Care (10)
- Medication (1)
- Mortality (1)
- Newborns/Infants (3)
- Nutrition (1)
- Obesity (1)
- Outcomes (2)
- Patient Safety (1)
- Pregnancy (5)
- Prevention (1)
- Screening (1)
- Sexual Health (1)
- U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (2)
- Women (6)
- Young Adults (2)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 10 of 10 Research Studies DisplayedSneed NM, Heerman WJ, Shaw PA
Associations between gestational weight gain, gestational diabetes, and childhood obesity incidence.
Excessive maternal gestational weight gain (GWG) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have been linked to childhood obesity. This cohort study explored the association between maternal weight gain during pregnancy, GDM, and early childhood obesity. Findings revealed that excessive weight gain during the second and third trimesters increased the risk of childhood obesity by age 6. However, GDM was associated with a lower risk. No significant interaction between GWG and GDM was observed.
AHRQ-funded; HS026122.
Citation: Sneed NM, Heerman WJ, Shaw PA .
Associations between gestational weight gain, gestational diabetes, and childhood obesity incidence.
Matern Child Health J 2024 Feb; 28(2):372-81. doi: 10.1007/s10995-023-03853-8.
Keywords: Maternal Care, Women, Children/Adolescents, Obesity
Vear KR, Esbrook E, Padley E
"Time and money and support": adolescents and young adults' perceived social and logistical support needs for safe abortion care.
This study’s objective was to understand what support adolescents and young adults need to access abortion amidst the changing legal landscape. A diverse nationwide sample of individuals aged 14-24 responded to a text message survey in July 2022 about the social and logistical support they would need for safe abortion access. Out of the sample of 638, there was a 78% response rate. Primary sources of social support from parents and friends were named by the respondents for potential abortion decisions. The respondents frequently cited money and transportation as logistical support needs for out-of-state abortion care.
AHRQ-funded; HS026369.
Citation: Vear KR, Esbrook E, Padley E .
"Time and money and support": adolescents and young adults' perceived social and logistical support needs for safe abortion care.
Contraception 2023 Oct; 126:110128. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2023.110128..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Young Adults, Maternal Care, Patient Safety, Access to Care
Pineles BL, Harris AD, Goodman KE
Adverse maternal and delivery outcomes in children and very young (age ≤13 years) US adolescents compared with older adolescents and adults.
This study compared adverse maternal and delivery outcomes of pregnant 10- to 13-year-olds vs 14- to 17-year-olds and 18- to 19-year-olds. This cross-sectional study looked at all patients aged 10 to 19 years who delivered at hospitals in the Premier Healthcare Database from January 2019 through May 2021. The study included 90,876 deliveries across 655 US hospitals. Controlling for patient race and ethnicity, insurance type, and obesity status: 10- to 13-year-olds had significantly higher risks of preterm delivery and cesarean delivery compared with 14- to 17-year-olds. The risk of preeclampsia was not higher for 10- to 13-year-olds compared to 14- to 17-year-olds. There was a higher risk of preterm delivery for 10- to 13-year-olds compared to 18- to 19-year-olds, but not significantly different for cesarean delivery and preeclampsia.
AHRQ-funded; HS028363.
Citation: Pineles BL, Harris AD, Goodman KE .
Adverse maternal and delivery outcomes in children and very young (age ≤13 years) US adolescents compared with older adolescents and adults.
JAMA 2022 Nov 1;328(17):1766-68. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.18340..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Pregnancy, Labor and Delivery, Women, Outcomes, Adverse Events, Maternal Care
Venkataramani M, Ogunwole SM, Caulfield LE
Maternal, infant, and child health outcomes associated with the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children: a systematic review.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether WIC participation was associated with improved maternal, neonatal-birth, and infant-child health outcomes or differences in outcomes by subgroups and WIC enrollment duration. Findings showed moderate strength of evidence (SOE) that maternal WIC participation during pregnancy is likely associated with lower risk for preterm birth, low birthweight infants, and infant mortality; low SOE that maternal WIC participation may be associated with a lower likelihood of inadequate gestational weight gain, as well as increased well-child visits and childhood immunizations; and low SOE that child WIC participation may be associated with increased childhood immunizations. Further, findings showed low SOE for differences in some outcomes by race and ethnicity but insufficient evidence for differences by WIC enrollment duration.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120D00003.
Citation: Venkataramani M, Ogunwole SM, Caulfield LE .
Maternal, infant, and child health outcomes associated with the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children: a systematic review.
pediatric pediatrics food.
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Children/Adolescents, Women, Maternal Care, Outcomes, Nutrition
Kahwati LC, Clark R, Berkman N
Screening for bacterial vaginosis in pregnant adolescents and women to prevent preterm delivery: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
Researchers sought to update the evidence on screening and treatment of asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy for the USPSTF. They found that the evidence suggests no difference in the incidence of preterm delivery and related outcomes from treatment for asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis in a general obstetric population but was inconclusive for women with a prior preterm delivery. Maternal adverse events from treatment appear to be infrequent and minor, but the evidence about harms from in utero exposure was inconclusive.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500011I.
Citation: Kahwati LC, Clark R, Berkman N .
Screening for bacterial vaginosis in pregnant adolescents and women to prevent preterm delivery: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2020 Apr 7;323(13):1293-309. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.0233..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Evidence-Based Practice, Prevention, Women, Children/Adolescents, Pregnancy, Maternal Care, Antibiotics, Medication
Haley CA, Brault MA, Mwinga K
Promoting progress in child survival across four African countries: the role of strong health governance and leadership in maternal, neonatal and child health.
The researchers conducted four individual case studies concerning the World Health Organization's African Region Millennium Development Goal #4 (MDG#4) to reduce under-five mortality by two-thirds by 2015. They found that strong health governance and leadership (HGL) was a significant driver of the greater success in Liberia and Zambia compared with Kenya and Zimbabwe. Three aspects of HGL which most consistently contributed to the different progress towards MDG#4 among the four study countries were identified. Although child mortality in sub-Saharan Africa remains high, the authors concluded that comparative study suggests key HGL factors that can facilitate the reduction of child mortality and may prove useful in tackling current Sustainable Development Goals.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Haley CA, Brault MA, Mwinga K .
Promoting progress in child survival across four African countries: the role of strong health governance and leadership in maternal, neonatal and child health.
Health Policy Plan 2019 Feb 1;34(1):24-36. doi: 10.1093/heapol/czy105..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Maternal Care, Mortality, Newborns/Infants, Pregnancy
Connor KA, Duran G, Faiz-Nassar M
Feasibility of implementing group well baby/well woman dyad care at federally qualified health centers.
The aim of this qualitative study was to assess stakeholder perspectives on the feasibility of implementing Centering Parenting (CP) in federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) in Baltimore. The investigators concluded that perceptions regarding facilitators and barriers to CP implementation in FQHCs were similar to existing group well-child care literature; however the benefit of emphasis on maternal wellness was a unique finding. The investigators suggested that a maternal wellness integration might make CP a particularly desirable model for implementation at FQHCs, but potential systems barriers must be addressed.
AHRQ-funded; HS017596.
Citation: Connor KA, Duran G, Faiz-Nassar M .
Feasibility of implementing group well baby/well woman dyad care at federally qualified health centers.
Acad Pediatr 2018 Jul;18(5):510-15. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2017.09.011..
Keywords: Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Promotion, Healthcare Delivery, Maternal Care, Newborns/Infants, Pregnancy, Women
Raffo JE, Lloyd C, Collier M
Defining the role of the community health worker within a federal healthy start care coordination team.
The Strong Beginnings program worked to define community health worker (CHW) interventions, a core service of the program to improve maternal and child health. The workgroup identified seven core functions and 28 maternal and child health risk topics to be addressed by the CHW. The process resulted in a detailed document of program interventions that the CHWs use to guide care.
AHRQ-funded; HS020208.
Citation: Raffo JE, Lloyd C, Collier M .
Defining the role of the community health worker within a federal healthy start care coordination team.
Matern Child Health J 2017 Dec;21(Suppl 1):93-100. doi: 10.1007/s10995-017-2379-8.
.
.
Keywords: Care Coordination, Children/Adolescents, Health Promotion, Health Services Research (HSR), Maternal Care
Kemper AR, Fan T, Grossman DC
AHRQ Author: Fan T
Gaps in evidence regarding iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women and young children: summary of US Preventive Services Task Force recommendations.
The USPSTF found insufficient evidence to recommend routine iron supplementation for pregnant women or routine screening for iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women or young children. The USPSTF identified a critical evidence gap that is related to whether changing hematologic indexes in otherwise asymptomatic pregnant women or in infants within populations who are reflective of the United States leads to an improvement in maternal or child health outcomes.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Kemper AR, Fan T, Grossman DC .
Gaps in evidence regarding iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women and young children: summary of US Preventive Services Task Force recommendations.
Am J Clin Nutr 2017 Dec;106(Suppl 6):1555s-58s. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.117.155788.
.
.
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Evidence-Based Practice, Maternal Care, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Upadhya KK, Jalazo ER, Connor KA
AHRQ Author: Mistry KB
Optimizing preconception health among young women: what are we missing?
This study evaluated whether receipt of specific preconception counseling topics differs between teen, young adult, and older mothers. It found that teen mothers were less than half as likely to be counseled about taking folic acid, 4 times more likely to be counseled about vaccines, and twice as likely to be counseled about mental health before pregnancy compared with adult mothers.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Upadhya KK, Jalazo ER, Connor KA .
Optimizing preconception health among young women: what are we missing?
J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2016 Oct;29(5):464-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2016.02.010.
.
.
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Sexual Health, Maternal Care, Pregnancy, Women, Young Adults