National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Adverse Events (1)
- Clostridium difficile Infections (1)
- Community-Acquired Infections (1)
- (-) Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (4)
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- Inpatient Care (1)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 4 of 4 Research Studies DisplayedCohen B, Sanabria E, Liu J
Predicting healthcare-associated infections, length of stay, and mortality with the nursing intensity of care index.
The purpose of this study was to develop, validate, and utilize a simulation model to predict healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), length of stay (LOS), and patient mortality, as well as evaluate whether the variation in incidence of HAIs was dependent upon the adequacy of unit staffing levels. The researchers analyzed data from all patients discharged from four different types of New York City hospitals within a single healthcare network between 2012-2016 (N=562,435). The researchers developed a simulation model to estimate the daily probability rates of 5 different HAIs, length of stay, and mortality, and modeled staffing adequacy based on nursing care supply (as indicated by total nurse staffing) and nursing care demand (indicated using the Nursing Intensity of Care Index.) The study results indicated that the model predictions were within 95% confidence intervals of the actual outcomes. The authors reported that the incidence of HAI was the highest when total nurse staffing (supply) was lowest and nursing care intensity (demand) was highest.
AHRQ-funded; HS024915.
Citation: Cohen B, Sanabria E, Liu J .
Predicting healthcare-associated infections, length of stay, and mortality with the nursing intensity of care index.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2022 Mar;43(3):298-305. doi: 10.1017/ice.2021.114..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Provider: Nurse, Inpatient Care, Mortality
Arntson E, Dimick JB, Nuliyalu U
Changes in hospital-acquired conditions and mortality associated with the hospital-acquired condition reduction program.
This study evaluated changes in Hospital-Acquired Conditions (HACs) and 30-day mortality after the announcement of the Centers for Medicare and Medicare Services’ Hospital-Acquired Condition Reduction Program (HACRP) in August 2013. The authors evaluated models to test for changes in HACs and 30-day mortality before and after the Affordable Care Act (ACA), and after the HACRP. Fee-for-service Medicare claims from 2009 to 2015 were used. The HAC rate declined after the ACA was passed and declined further after the HACRP announcement. However, 30-day mortality rates were unchanged.
AHRQ-funded; HS026244.
Citation: Arntson E, Dimick JB, Nuliyalu U .
Changes in hospital-acquired conditions and mortality associated with the hospital-acquired condition reduction program.
Ann Surg 2021 Oct 1;274(4):e301-e07. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000003641..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Hospitals, Mortality, Medicare, Payment, Prevention, Patient Safety
Donnelly JP, Wang HE, Locke JE
Hospital-onset Clostridium difficile infection among solid organ transplant recipients.
The researchers examined hospital-onset Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) from 2012 to 2014 among transplant recipients in the University HealthSystem Consortium, which includes academic medical center-affiliated hospitals in the United States. They found that factors associated with CDI among transplant recipients included transplant type, risk of mortality, comorbidities, and inpatient complications.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Donnelly JP, Wang HE, Locke JE .
Hospital-onset Clostridium difficile infection among solid organ transplant recipients.
Am J Transplant 2015 Nov;15(11):2970-7. doi: 10.1111/ajt.13491.
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Keywords: Clostridium difficile Infections, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Transplantation, Adverse Events, Mortality
Rothberg MB, Haessler S, Lagu T
Outcomes of patients with healthcare-associated pneumonia: worse disease or sicker patients?
The researchers sought to determine the contribution of healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) criteria to case-fatality rate. They found that, after adjustment for differences in patient characteristics, HCAP was associated with greater case-fatality rate than community-acquired pneumonia, possibly due to HCAP organisms or to HCAP criteria themselves.
AHRQ-funded; HS018723.
Citation: Rothberg MB, Haessler S, Lagu T .
Outcomes of patients with healthcare-associated pneumonia: worse disease or sicker patients?
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014 Oct;35 Suppl 3:S107-15. doi: 10.1086/677829.
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Keywords: Community-Acquired Infections, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Mortality, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Pneumonia