National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (6)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 6 of 6 Research Studies DisplayedWei YJ, Chen C, Cheng TD
Association of injury after prescription opioid initiation with risk for opioid-related adverse events among older Medicare beneficiaries in the United States: a nested case-control study.
This study’s objectives were to examine the association between incident injury after prescription opioid initiation and subsequent risk of opioid-related adverse events (ORAEs) and to assess whether the association differs by recency of injury among older patients. The researchers observed that incident diagnosis of injury following opioid initiation was associated with subsequent increased risk of ORAEs, and the risk was only significant among patients with injury in the month before the index date. They recommended regular monitoring for injury in order to identify older opioid users at high risk for ORAEs.
AHRQ-funded; HS027230.
Citation: Wei YJ, Chen C, Cheng TD .
Association of injury after prescription opioid initiation with risk for opioid-related adverse events among older Medicare beneficiaries in the United States: a nested case-control study.
PLoS Med 2022 Sep;19(9):e1004101. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004101..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Substance Abuse, Elderly, Adverse Events
Khouja T, Zhou J, Gellad WF
Serious opioid-related adverse outcomes associated with opioids prescribed by dentists.
This study’s objective was to evaluate adverse outcomes and persistent opioid use (POU) after opioid prescriptions by dentists, based on whether opioids were overprescribed or within recommendations. A cross-sectional analysis of adults with dental visit and corresponding opioid prescription from 2011 to 2017 within a nationwide commercial claims database was conducted. As per CDC guidelines, opioid overprescribing was defined as >120 morphine milligram equivalents. Of 633,387 visits, 16.6% had POU and 2.6% experienced an adverse outcome. POU was higher when opioids were overprescribed with visits associated with mild pain and those with substance use disorders having the highest risk of both outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS025177.
Citation: Khouja T, Zhou J, Gellad WF .
Serious opioid-related adverse outcomes associated with opioids prescribed by dentists.
Pain 2022 Aug 1;163(8):1571-80. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002545..
Keywords: Opioids, Dental and Oral Health, Substance Abuse, Behavioral Health, Practice Patterns, Pain, Medication, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events
Wei YJ, Chen C, Lewis MO
Trajectories of prescription opioid dose and risk of opioid-related adverse events among older Medicare beneficiaries in the United States: a nested case-control study.
This study used a sample of older patients who are Medicare beneficiaries who were newly prescribed opioids to determine rates of 4 prescription opioid dose trajectories and the risk of opioid-related adverse events (ORAEs). A 5% random sample of Medicare beneficiaries from 2011 to 2018 was used to conduct a nested case-control study of patients age 65 and older who were newly diagnosed with chronic noncancer pain (CNCP). Among the cases and controls, 2,192 (70.6%) were women and mean age was 77.1 years. Four prescribed opioid trajectories before the incident ORAE diagnosis or matched date emerged: gradual dose discontinuation (from ≤3 to 0 daily morphine milligram equivalent (MME), 1,456 [23.5%]), gradual dose increase (from 0 to >3 daily MME, 1,878 [30.3%]), consistent low dose (between 3 and 5 daily MME, 1,510 [24.3%]), and consistent moderate dose (>20 daily MME, 1,362 [22.0%]). Less than 5% were prescribed a mean daily dose of ≥90 daily MME during 6 months before diagnosis or matched date. Patients with gradual dose discontinuation versus those with a consistent low or moderate dose, and increase dose were more likely to be 65 to 74 years, Midwest US residents, and receiving no low-income subsidy. Those with gradual dose increase and consistent moderate dose had a higher risk of ORAE, after adjustment for covariates.
AHRQ-funded; HS027230.
Citation: Wei YJ, Chen C, Lewis MO .
Trajectories of prescription opioid dose and risk of opioid-related adverse events among older Medicare beneficiaries in the United States: a nested case-control study.
PLoS Med 2022 Mar;19(3):e1003947. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003947..
Keywords: Elderly, Opioids, Medication, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Risk, Chronic Conditions, Pain, Substance Abuse, Behavioral Health, Medication: Safety, Patient Safety
Samples H, Williams AR, Crystal S
Impact of long-term buprenorphine treatment on adverse health care outcomes In Medicaid.
The optimal, or even minimum, duration of medication treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) needed to improve long-term outcomes has not been established empirically. As a result, health plans set potentially restrictive treatment standards to guide benefits and payment. To address this gap, the investigators used a National Quality Forum measure for OUD medication treatment duration (180 days) to examine the impact of longer treatment on health care outcomes within a key population of Medicaid enrollees.
AHRQ-funded; HS023258; HS021112.
Citation: Samples H, Williams AR, Crystal S .
Impact of long-term buprenorphine treatment on adverse health care outcomes In Medicaid.
Impact of long-term buprenorphine treatment on adverse health care outcomes In Medicaid..
Keywords: Medication, Substance Abuse, Opioids, Medicaid, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes
Davis CS, Green TC, Hernandez-Delgado H
Status of US state laws mandating timely reporting of nonfatal overdose.
Timely, actionable, nonfatal overdose data are urgently needed to improve public health response to the overdose crisis. The purpose of this paper was to provide background and catalyze discussion regarding this important issue. The authors briefly report the results of a systematic analysis of state laws mandating reporting of nonfatal overdose, and provide suggestions for improving the collection and use of nonfatal overdose data to improve the public health response to this ongoing epidemic.
AHRQ-funded; HS024021.
Citation: Davis CS, Green TC, Hernandez-Delgado H .
Status of US state laws mandating timely reporting of nonfatal overdose.
Am J Public Health 2018 Sep;108(9):1159-61. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2018.304589..
Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Medication, Opioids, Policy, Public Health, Substance Abuse
Katz DF, Sun J, Khatri V
QTc interval screening in an opioid treatment program.
This pilot study supports the feasibility of implementing a population-based electrocardiographic monitoring program in order to decrease the QTc interval in high-risk patients undergoing methadone maintenance in an opioid treatment program. Clinical characteristics alone were inadequate to identify patients in need of electrocardiographic screening.
AHRQ-funded; HS021138
Citation: Katz DF, Sun J, Khatri V .
QTc interval screening in an opioid treatment program.
Am J Cardiol. 2013 Oct 1;112(7):1013-8. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2013.05.037..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Substance Abuse, Screening, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Medication: Safety, Risk, Implementation