National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 5 of 5 Research Studies DisplayedEllis CT, Cole AL, Sanoff HK
Evaluating surveillance patterns after chemoradiation-only compared with conventional management for older patients with rectal cancer.
This study examined surveillance patterns for elderly patients who were treated only with chemoradiation (CR) as opposed to traditional treatment (chemoradiation and protectomy). In the cohort study, a total of 2,482 individuals met the inclusion criteria, with 21% receiving CR-only treatment, and 79% had conventional treatment. In comparison to patients who had traditional treatment, patients with CR-only treatment had far less follow-up during the first 2 years post-treatment. Adherence to guideline-recommended surveillance was poor for all Medicare patients, but especially for CR-only treated patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Ellis CT, Cole AL, Sanoff HK .
Evaluating surveillance patterns after chemoradiation-only compared with conventional management for older patients with rectal cancer.
J Am Coll Surg 2019 May;228(5):782-91.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2019.01.010..
Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Care Management, Treatments, Elderly, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Chapman WC, Subramanian M, Jayarajan S
First, do no harm: rethinking routine diversion in sphincter-preserving rectal cancer resection.
The authors hypothesized that routine temporary diversion is not associated with decreased rates of leak or reintervention in cancer patients at large undergoing sphincter-sparing procedures. Using HCUP data from the Florida State Inpatient Database, they found no association between diversion and anastomotic leak. However, temporary diversion was associated with increased incidence of nonelective reinterventions, readmissions, and higher costs. They recommended additional study to identify which patients would benefit most from diversion.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Chapman WC, Subramanian M, Jayarajan S .
First, do no harm: rethinking routine diversion in sphincter-preserving rectal cancer resection.
J Am Coll Surg 2019 Apr;228(4):547-56.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2018.12.012..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Cancer, Surgery, Treatments
Kanters AE, Morris AM, Albrahamse PH
The effect of peer support on colorectal cancer patients' adherence to guideline-concordant multidisciplinary care.
Dis Colon Rectum 2018 Jul;61(7):817-23. doi: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000001067.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of peer support on the attitudes of patients with colorectal cancer toward chemotherapy and their adherence to it. The study demonstrated that exposure to peer support is associated with higher adjuvant chemotherapy adherence.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of peer support on the attitudes of patients with colorectal cancer toward chemotherapy and their adherence to it. The study demonstrated that exposure to peer support is associated with higher adjuvant chemotherapy adherence.
AHRQ-funded; HS000053.
Citation: Kanters AE, Morris AM, Albrahamse PH .
The effect of peer support on colorectal cancer patients' adherence to guideline-concordant multidisciplinary care.
Dis Colon Rectum 2018 Jul;61(7):817-23. doi: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000001067..
Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Treatments, Guidelines, Medication, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Mehta HB, Vargas GM, Adhikari D
Comparative effectiveness of chemotherapy vs resection of the primary tumour as the initial treatment in older patients with Stage IV colorectal cancer.
The objectives were to determine trends in the use of chemotherapy as the initial treatment and to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of initial chemotherapy vs resection of the primary tumor on survival (intention-to-treat analysis) in Stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC). Instrumental variable analysis found that, compared with resection, chemotherapy as the initial treatment offers similar or better 2-year survival in patients with Stage IV CRC.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Mehta HB, Vargas GM, Adhikari D .
Comparative effectiveness of chemotherapy vs resection of the primary tumour as the initial treatment in older patients with Stage IV colorectal cancer.
Colorectal Dis 2017 Jun;19(6):O210-o18. doi: 10.1111/codi.13659.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Treatments, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery
Ellis CT, Samuel CA, Stitzenberg KB
National trends in nonoperative management of rectal adenocarcinoma.
The researchers examined the use of non-operative management (NOM) for rectal cancer over time and the patient- and facility-level factors associated with its use. They found evidence of increasing NOM use, with this increase occurring more frequently in black and uninsured/Medicaid patients, raising concern that increased NOM use may actually represent increasing disparities in rectal cancer care rather than innovation. They recommended further studies to assess survival differences by treatment strategy.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Ellis CT, Samuel CA, Stitzenberg KB .
National trends in nonoperative management of rectal adenocarcinoma.
J Clin Oncol 2016 May 10;34(14):1644-51. doi: 10.1200/jco.2015.64.2066.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Disparities, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Treatments