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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 11 of 11 Research Studies DisplayedPeaker B, Dooley C B, Peaker B, Dooley C C
AHRQ Author: Peaker B
Screening for syphilis in nonpregnant adolescents and adults.
This case study described a 42-year-old male presenting at the clinic with low back pain that had been radiating down his right leg for one week. Case study questions related to the USPSTF recommendation on Screening for Syphilis in Nonpregnant Adolescents and Adults addressed why this patient was at increased risk, whether screening should take place, and why the USPSTF does not recommend screening for all people.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Peaker B, Dooley C B, Peaker B, Dooley C C .
Screening for syphilis in nonpregnant adolescents and adults.
Am Fam Physician 2024 Jan; 109(1):79-80..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Evidence-Based Practice, Sexual Health, Children/Adolescents
Estenson L, Kim N, Jacobson M
Do age-based discontinuation recommendations influence cervical cancer screening rates? Evidence from the United States' Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2016 and 2018.
The purpose of this study was to determine how the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation of discontinuing routine cervical cancer screening for certain women after age 65 affects Papanicolaou (Pap) test rates among women at age 66 in the United States. The researchers utilized nationally representative 2016 and 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data for 226,031 women ages 56-76 to calculate changes in annual Pap test rates at age 66. Among women 66-76, 22.5% indicated they had received a Pap test within the past year. At age 66, annual Pap rates decreased by 5.9 percentage points (p.p.) off a pre-66 rate of 39 percent. The change differed by race/ethnicity, education, and marital status. Pap rates did not change discretely for non-Hispanic Black women but did change for women from other racial/ethnic groups. The decrease was larger for women who graduated college than for women without a college degree and for women who were never married than for women who were married/partnered or divorced/separated. The USPSTF recommendation to stop cervical cancer screening after the age of 65 resulted in a substantial decrease in the rate of Pap tests at age 66 but disparately affects women based on marital status, education and race.
AHRQ-funded; HS026488.
Citation: Estenson L, Kim N, Jacobson M .
Do age-based discontinuation recommendations influence cervical cancer screening rates? Evidence from the United States' Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2016 and 2018.
Prev Med 2023 Jul; 172:107543. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107543..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer: Cervical Cancer, Cancer, Screening, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Women, Sexual Health
Asher GN, Feltner C, Harrison WN
Serologic screening for genital herpes: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
Genital herpes, a viral sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) subtypes HSV-1 or HSV-2, is a prevalent STI in the US. Early identification of unrecognized HSV-2 infection could reduce transmission and morbidity. In 2016, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommended against routine serologic screening for genital herpes in asymptomatic individuals. This updated evidence report aimed to identify studies published since the previous 2016 evidence review. A literature search was conducted from September 30, 2015, through January 16, 2022, with ongoing surveillance through July 22, 2022. The review identified no new eligible studies, leading to unchanged overall conclusions from the 2016 recommendation against screening. The prior recommendation was based on psychosocial harms from false-positive test results due to poor screening test accuracy and uncertain benefit of preventive viral medications for reducing viral shedding or improving health outcomes. The review focused on the general population of asymptomatic adolescents and adults and may not be applicable to populations at higher risk for infection, such as those with HIV or other immunosuppressive conditions.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120D00007.
Citation: Asher GN, Feltner C, Harrison WN .
Serologic screening for genital herpes: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2023 Feb 14; 329(6):510-12. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.20356..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases, Screening, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice, Prevention
Henninger ML, Bean SI, Lin JS
Screening for syphilis infection in nonpregnant adults and adolescents: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the available published evidence on the potential benefits and harms of screening for syphilis infection in non-pregnant, asymptomatic adults and adolescents at increased risk for syphilis infection, for the purpose of supporting the 2022 United States Prevention Services Task Force recommendations statement on screening for syphilis infection.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120D00004.
Citation: Henninger ML, Bean SI, Lin JS .
Screening for syphilis infection in nonpregnant adults and adolescents: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2022 Sep 27;328(12):1250-52. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.8612..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Prevention, Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases, Evidence-Based Practice
Peaker B, Biondokin E
AHRQ Author: Peaker B
Screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea.
In this Putting Prevention into Practice case study, a 20-year-old woman presents for a wellness examination. She states that she has no health concerns, does not have a history of any sexually transmitted infections, and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or drugs. Last year, she began taking oral contraceptives and reports regular monthly menses. Three multiple-choice questions are presented, followed by their answers.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Peaker B, Biondokin E .
Screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea.
Am Fam Physician 2022 Jul;106(1):81-82..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Guidelines, Screening, Prevention, Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases, Case Study
Cantor A, Dana T, Griffin JC
Screening for chlamydial and gonococcal infections: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
This is the evidence summary and updated review for the September 2021 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force final recommendation on screening for chlamydial and gonococcal infections among sexually active women 25 years or older and sexually active men. The Task Force concluded that for women screening is recommended, but for men the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms. This systematic review screened over 2200 articles and included 20 articles. The articles included helped to answer the 4 key questions that were included in the research plan.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500009I.
Citation: Cantor A, Dana T, Griffin JC .
Screening for chlamydial and gonococcal infections: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2021 Sep 14;326(10):957-66. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.10577..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Prevention
Fan T, Palma M
AHRQ Author: Fan T
Behavioral counseling interventions to prevent sexually transmitted infections.
This case study of a 24-year-old cisgender woman presents three questions with answers concerning USPSTF recommendations about sexually transmitted infections and counseling.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Fan T, Palma M .
Behavioral counseling interventions to prevent sexually transmitted infections.
Am Fam Physician 2020 Nov 15;102(10):623-24..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases, Public Health, Prevention, Case Study, Guidelines
Henderson JT, Senger CA, Henninger M
Behavioral counseling interventions to prevent sexually transmitted infections: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
This updated evidence report and systematic review accompanied the USPSTF final recommendation for behavioral counseling interventions to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in adults and adolescents, which was published in August 2020. Studies from the previous 2014 review and literature from January 2013 through May 2019 was reviewed to find good- and fair-quality randomized and nonrandomized controlled intervention studies conducted in primary care settings. The review included 37 randomized trials and 2 nonrandomized controlled intervention studies. The study populations were mostly heterosexual adolescents and young adults, females, and racial and ethnic minorities at increased risk for STIs. Thirty-four trials reported behavioral change outcomes after interventions. The largest reductions in STI incidence were reported after group or individual counseling sessions lasting more than 2 hours. Evidence was limited on interventions of shorter duration persisting beyond 1 year.
AHRQ-funded; 2902015000017I.
Citation: Henderson JT, Senger CA, Henninger M .
Behavioral counseling interventions to prevent sexually transmitted infections: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2020 Aug 18;324(7):682-99. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.10371..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Infectious Diseases, Sexual Health, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines
Meyers D, Duncan J
AHRQ Author: Meyers D
Serologic screening for genital herpes infection.
This case study involves a 23-year-old woman who presents to your office for her first prenatal visit. She is in the eighth week of her first pregnancy. The study poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Meyers D, Duncan J .
Serologic screening for genital herpes infection.
Am Fam Physician 2017 Jun 15;95(12):801-02.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Sexual Health, Case Study
Feltner C, Grodensky C, Ebel C
Serologic screening for genital herpes: an updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
This report assessed the evidence on serologic screening and preventive interventions for Genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in asymptomatic adults and adolescents to support the US Preventive Services Task Force for an updated recommendation statement. It found that serologic screening for genital herpes is associated with a high rate of false-positive test results and potential psychosocial harms.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200015I.
Citation: Feltner C, Grodensky C, Ebel C .
Serologic screening for genital herpes: an updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2016 Dec 20;316(23):2531-43. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.17138.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Sexual Health, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice, Prevention
Lee KC, Ngo-Metzger Q, Wolff T
AHRQ Author: Lee KC, Ngo-Metzger Q, Wolff T, Chowdhury J, Meyers DS
Sexually transmitted infections: recommendations from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
The USPSTF recommends intensive behavioral counseling for all sexually active adolescents and for adults whose history indicates an increased risk of STIs. These interventions can reduce STI acquisition and risky sexual behaviors, and increase condom use and other protective behaviors. The USPSTF also recommends screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea in all sexually active women 24 years and younger, and in older women at increased risk.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Lee KC, Ngo-Metzger Q, Wolff T .
Sexually transmitted infections: recommendations from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Dec 1;94(11):907-15.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Sexual Health, Guidelines, Screening