National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 2 of 2 Research Studies DisplayedKim D, Swaminathan S, Lee Y
Racial and ethnic disparities in excess deaths after COVID-19 vaccine deployment among persons with kidney failure.
COVID-19 resulted in clear racial/ethnic disparities in excess deaths among persons with kidney failure. It is not clear whether or how these disparities changed throughout the pandemic, especially after the deployment of COVID-19 vaccines. The purpose of this study was to examine disparities in excess mortality for the Medicare population with kidney failure from March 2020, through December 2021. The study found that there were 686,719 patients with kidney failure in January 2020. Researchers reported an increase in excess deaths beginning March 1, 2020, with a peak in January 2021. From March 1, 2020, through January 30, 2021, and there were substantial disparities in excess deaths across racial/ethnic groups. The number of excess deaths was 5582, 4303, and 2679 for non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, and Hispanic patients, respectively. The percent excess deaths was 31.9% for Hispanic patients, 27.5% for non-Hispanic Black patients, and 16.4% for non-Hispanic White patients. After the wide distribution of COVID-19 vaccines since the end of January 2021, the lowest percent excess deaths was observed among Hispanic patients, followed by Black patients, and White patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS028285.
Citation: Kim D, Swaminathan S, Lee Y .
Racial and ethnic disparities in excess deaths after COVID-19 vaccine deployment among persons with kidney failure.
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2023 Sep; 18(9):1207-09. doi: 10.2215/cjn.0000000000000226..
Keywords: COVID-19, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Vaccination, Kidney Disease and Health, Mortality
Butler AM, Layton JB, Dharnidharka VR
Comparative effectiveness of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccine among patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis.
This study compared outcomes of routine dialysis patients who received either the standard dose vaccine (SDV) for influenza or a high-dose vaccine (HDV). Out of 22,215 influenza patient-seasons among adults 65 years and older, 97.4% received SDV and 2.6% received HDV. There did not seem to be any additional protection provided by the HDV for all-cause mortality or influenza-related outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Butler AM, Layton JB, Dharnidharka VR .
Comparative effectiveness of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccine among patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis.
Am J Kidney Dis 2020 Jan;75(1):72-83. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2019.05.018..
Keywords: Vaccination, Influenza, Comparative Effectiveness, Dialysis, Kidney Disease and Health, Hospitalization, Outcomes